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isamchk pour la maintenance et la réparation
To check/repair ISAM tables (.ISM and .ISD) you should use the
isamchk utility. To check/repair MyISAM tables (.MYI and .MYD)
you should use the myisamchk utility.
Confère section 10.18 Types de tables MySQL.
In the following text we will talk about isamchk but everything
also applies to myisamchk.
You can use the isamchk utility to get information about your database
tables, check and repair them or optimize them. The following sections
describe how to invoke isamchk (including a description of its
options), how to set up a table maintenance schedule, and how to use
isamchk to perform its various functions.
If you run mysqld with --skip-locking (which is the default on
some systems, like Linux), you can't reliably use isamchk to
check a table when mysqld is using the same table. If you
can be sure that no one is accessing the tables through mysqld
while you run isamchk, you only have to do mysqladmin
flush-tables before you start checking the tables. If you can't
guarantee the above, then you must take down mysqld while you
check the tables. If you run isamchk while mysqld is updating
the tables, you may get a warning that a table is corrupt even if it
isn't.
If you are not using --skip-locking, you can use isamchk
to check tables at any time. While you do this, all clients that try
to update the table will wait until isamchk is ready before
continuing.
If you use isamchk to repair or optimize tables, you
MUST always ensure that the mysqld server is not using
the table (this also applies if you are using --skip-locking).
If you don't take down mysqld you should at least do a
mysqladmin flush-tables before you run isamchk.
You can in most cases also use the command OPTIMIZE TABLES to
optimize and repair tables, but this is not as fast or reliable (in case
of real fatal errors) as isamchk. On the other hand,
OPTIMIZE TABLE is easier to use and you don't have to worry about
flushing tables.
Confère section 7.8 OPTIMIZE TABLE.
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